Berri-berri hospital Wangkal at Probolinggo (East Jawa).

This was a specialized hospital to deal with the so-called berri-berri disease that caused many casualties among  miners and convicts working in forced labour environments. The hosptal was founded on a temporary base in 1896 and was closed in 1898. Research on the causes of this disease revealed that a shortage of vitamins was the main cause of beriberi. The theory of avitaminose developed by the doctors Eijkman and Grijns eventually resulted in a conclusive answer to berri-berri. The food distribution in prisons, coolie camps and camps of convicts was adapted and berri-berri gradually lost its threatening qualities.